Beams are the most common structural element you’ll analyse, and the most common place a sign convention or support condition goes quietly wrong. These guides work through bending moment and shear force diagrams, deflection, moment of inertia and centroid calculations, column buckling under axial load, and the different ways a beam can be indeterminate — plus how reactions at supports are actually derived rather than just looked up. Written to sit alongside our free beam calculator, frame analysis tool and moment of inertia calculator, so you can move from the theory straight into a working model.